Modern And Traditional Kazakh Speech Production: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

This article compares the traditional and modern “speech production” patterns of the Kazakh language. By identifying the advantages of traditional speech structuring, the study proposes mechanisms for revitalizing modern Kazakh speech production, which is becoming increasingly simplified and distanced from its cognitive-aesthetic power and structural-grammatical system. The proposed methods and solutions are intended for Kazakh language users to enhance their linguistic competence. The research was conducted in five stages in accordance with the set objectives. In the first stage, the definition and etymology of the term sözsaptam (speech production) were determined, and the meanings and functions of its textual units, such as paragraphs and discourse, were explained. Additionally, the study introduced the perspectives of foreign scholars on Kazakh rhetoric, speech production models, and techniques. The second stage presented concrete statistical data on the sociolinguistic status of the Kazakh language throughout the history of Kazakh society. Theoretical frameworks on language interaction, functional potential, genetic capabilities, and legal status were summarized in tabular form.  In the third, fourth, and fifth stages, the phonetic, lexical, and grammatical aspects of traditional and modern Kazakh speech production were compared based on linguistic materials collected through field research and interviews. This comparison identified the advantages of traditional speech production and the shortcomings of modern speech formation. As a result, the study provides a scientific justification for the grammatical changes in contemporary Kazakh caused by the influence of Russian and other foreign languages, offering recommendations for their resolution in the form of final conclusions. Throughout all research stages, comparative-historical, descriptive, structural, and analytical methods were applied in an integrative manner. The study materials were based on written texts from the early 20th century, as well as spoken language samples from Kazakh youth (aged 20-25), middle-aged speakers (40-50 years old), and elderly individuals (70-80 years old).  The findings of this study are valuable for researchers exploring the historical evolution of Kazakh grammar, as well as for language users aiming to develop and refine their proficiency in correct Kazakh speech.